I have the luxury of having two very nice courses within 10 minutes of work, and have to take an hour lunch by rule, so either of the two courses are a go-to spot for me on many days. Both courses are at least 21 holes of decent length, and 40 minutes (usually the time I actually have) is enough for me to get through 12 to 18 holes, depending on how crowded the course happens to be. So, I guess, you could say I do this several times a week, because I'm never going to make it through either entire course during lunch.
But, if you don't count that (I don't!), I've only ever straight up walked off in the middle of a round due to poor play once, and felt like I cheated myself for days afterward (was in college then, had no car, and the nearest course was a good bike ride away), so I said "never again".
Weather is another story though - I won't hesitate to book it to the car if a round starts with decent weather, and it's pouring or there's lightning by hole 7. Poor course conditions are a "skip individual unplayable holes" deal to me.