A bit exaggerated, but there is 2 more that are private that aren't listed. Paulie (owner of Phantom Falls and designer of just about every course in the area) is a busy man with lots of friends!
Pine/Conifer has some amazing courses, and would be awesome to live there...if you are independently wealthy. Not a ton of work in the area, but it's not too far from Denver.
I would cast a vote for Colorado Springs, and not just because I live in Fountain (which is a suburb.) The Springs is big enough to have all the amenities of a big city, but small enough that you don't get lost in a big city life. There are four courses in the Springs, two in the suburbs, and 30 minutes from Jellystone. It's an hour to Denver and all their courses, and about an hour and a half to the Pine and Conifer area. Going south, you are 45 minutes from Pueblo which has two courses. There are plans for a few other courses in the Springs area, and a revised course on Ft. Carson.
There's a great club in town, and of course the Pine/Conifer area has the Foothill Flyers club. In Denver there is Mile High Disc Golf Club, which has tons of members and is very active.
Really anyplace in Colorado is a great place to live. Especially, given the recent law passage, if you enjoy recreational activities other than disc golf.